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No. 623,23. PtentedApir. la, |899.-l

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Founnms Ann Momma.

(Application med Feb. 24', 1897.) (Specimens.) l 3 Shets-Sheet l.

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No. 623,203. Patented Apr. I8, |899.'

A. F. IIIJTHIAS.A FDUNDING AND HDLDING.

(Application med Feb. 24, 1897.)

(Specimens.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 623,203. A Pmnfed Apr. |a, |s99.

A. F. coTHlAs. FUUNDING AND MQLDING.

'(Appmacionmed nb. 24, 1897.)

(Specimens.)

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Imre STATES PATENT trice.

ALPHA FRANCIS COTHIAS, OF IVRY-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE.

FOUNDING AND IVIOLDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,203, dated April18, 1899. Application ned tammy 24,1897. serai Nazagot. specimens To @ZZwtont it uta/y concern:

Be it known that I, ALPHA FRANCIS Go- T'HIAS, of 9 Rue Victor Hugo,Ivry-sur-Seine, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Casting, of which the following isaspecification.

My invention 4relates to a method of casting, permitting the decrease ofthe density of the metal to be treated.

If the casting of any object is proceeded with in the ordinary and knownway and the metal or composition be cast in sand or other molds bysimple casting or the metal be cast under pressure in metal molds, caremust be taken to avoid mixing gas, liquid, or a vapor with the metal.Care must also be taken to prevent the air in the mold forming bubbles,which in the cast piece would appear as cavities, iiaws, cracks, orfissures, which render the object brittle and destroy its' homogeneity.Now in certain cases it may be advantageous to manufacture of a givenmetal pieces of a homogeneous constitution and having determineddimensions, the metal being only sought after for its chemicalcomposition and not for the more or less great cohesion of itsmolecules. vThis great cohesion may even appear as an inconvenience incertain applications of the metal. It the density is great, or, in otherwords, if tHe specific weight of the metal is high, it may be of importto reduce the density of the piece to be cast, be it for the purpose toobtain with this' particular metal an object of less weight, andtherefore less expensive, or be it for the sake of giving to the saidobject a uniform porosity, which in certain applications might be ofgreat advantage. This isy especially the case in the manufacture of leadfor seals when used, for instance, by the customhouse officials, havingto be of such dimension as determined by the regulations, While theirweight is a disadvantage. 1t is the same with the plates foraccumulators, which with a given thickness must present a determinedsurface, their volume being, in one word, their only importantcharacteristic, while their considerable weight is rather adisadvantage. With the anodesgfor electrotyping it is also the same. Thelarge surface alone is of importance. The densityis, on the contrary, adisadvantage.

' metal in question is lowered.

The object of my invention is a method of casting by which the densityof the metal to be cast is decreased, whereby at the same time the priceof the Iobjects cast from the To obtain this object, I inject during thecasting into the metallic mass in fusion some drops of a suitableliquid, such as naphtha-oil, which by its vaporization and its-diffusionin the molten mass gives to the cast piece a uniform porosity andchanges in a uniform way the texture ofthe metal without changing itschemical composition, the result being the diminishing of the density ofthe cast piece, which nevertheless preserves a homogeneous constitution`As an example, I shall describe the manufacturing after my method ofsealing lead called custom-house lead and generically designated by t-hename lead for leading.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate vthe invention, Figure lis a plan view of an apparatus for carrying out the process. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section on line '0o o; of Fig. l, and Fig 3 is a transversesection on line y y of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 4 designates a tank adapted to receive or contain themolten metal and formingat its lower end a pump-cylinder terminating ina chamber 3. The pump-piston is indicated at Lhavin g a hollow centerla,closed by a valve 1b and communicating when in an elevated positionwith the tank 4 by a transverse port 1, whereby the molten metal .flowsdown into the chamber. From the chamber 3 the lead is expelled by thepiston operated by a suitable lever 2 through the conduit 5 into the jetpiece or nozzle J, from which it flows through space 6a and orifice 6 tothe moldcavity. The open side of the space 6a is closed by a plate J',which is recessed to receive the nozzle and form a snug fit. This moldhas a iiXed part M, in which a cylindrical cavity M is arranged, thediameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the seals P to be cast.The mold is provided with an orice 6 for the admission of the lead andanother orifice for the entry or penetration of the mand rel or punch B,which is intended to form the recess c of the lead seal. As hereinbeforestated, this mandrel or punch is coated with naphtha or other volatilefluid at the moment it penetrates into the injected molten lead,

IOO

. the iuid being carried in a reservoir R, from Y (See Figs. 2 and 3.)The liquid covers said pin B, and its vaporization is instantaneous andtakes place at the moment when the lead seal is formed. The fiuid dropsthrough the opening t at the time when said opening is uncovered by themovement of the register 7.

The mold-recess is closed at its Lipper and lower ends at the givenmoment, partly owing to a register 7, carried by slide 7 a, Figs. 2 and3, to which a lever 8 imparts an alternate motion and which covers themold at the proper moment' and partly owing to a lower piston m, Figs. 2and 3, which is attached to a slide 9 and the run of which can beregulated by a stop 10. This piston remains stationary during theinjection of the lead and then receives an upward motion, whereby itlifts oft1 the completed lead seal as soon as the register 7 haswithdrawn. Simultaneously a piston 11, also attached to slide 9, expelsthe surplus of lead present between the jet J and the mold. The seal Pis then pushed to P by the register 7, Fig. 3, and from there on a way12, from which it maybe removed in any manner whatever. AThe slide 'nzis held in position by an antifriction-plate 17 and clamping-bolt 1S',passing through an elongated opening in the slide and having a clamp-nut19. The mandrel or punch B is screwed on by a screwb to a rod c, whichitself is attached in a mortise of the block 15. The latter receives areciprocating motion transmitted by a lever 16, pivoted at 17 on theframe of the machine.

The block 15 is held to the frame and guided by an antifriction-plate15, bolt 15", and clamp-nut 15C, similar to antifriction-plate 17.

Water-runs 13 14 cool the parts of the machine which are susceptible ofoverheating.

In this manner I obtain a lead seal of homogeneous con stitution, ofmoderate and uniform porosity, and a weight which is considerablyinferior to that of ordinary lead seals of equal size.

What I claim as my invention is The herein-described method of casting,consisting in injecting a body of molten metal into a suitable mold, andthen introducing a small quantity of volatile iiuid into the body of themetal contained in the mold while said metal is still in a moltencondition, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence ot Vitnesses EMILY BERT, S. MosTICKE.

